How to Treat Acne and Prevent Marks: Dermatological Guide

Not all types of acne are the same, and understanding this is fundamental to treating it correctly. If you're struggling with acne breakouts that leave spots or discoloration on your skin, and this affects your emotional well-being, this article is for you.

When it comes to acne, the main goal should be preventing future breakouts rather than just reacting to existing ones. An even skin tone is essential for maintaining a youthful and healthy appearance. Spots and discoloration can diminish your face's vitality, making you look tired or stressed.

The following tips, based on recommendations from a certified dermatologist, will help you treat existing acne and prevent the marks it can leave.

Immediate Treatment for Acne Lesions

Hydrocolloid Patches: When and How to Use Them

Hydrocolloid patches are an excellent option for specific lesions that are "ripening" and forming a visible head. The optimal time to apply them is after a hot shower, when the pore is more open. Ideally, you should leave the patch on for several hours (preferably overnight).

Not all patches are the same. Look for simple options like those from Neutrogena or Mighty Patch. Avoid those with "micro-darts" or potentially irritating active ingredients like salicylic acid, as they can worsen inflammation in sensitive skin.

For flat or deep lesions, hydrocolloid patches won't be as effective, as they work best by extracting the contents of superficial pimples.

Products for Residual Spots

Once the lesion has healed but has left a dark or reddish spot, use products with brightening ingredients such as:

Tranexamic acid
Niacinamide
Vitamin C

Apply these products specifically to the spot for several consecutive nights until it disappears. Brightening masks can also be used as a localized treatment for these areas.

Daily Routine for Preventing and Treating Acne

The Importance of Proper Cleansing

Your cleansing method can determine the frequency of your breakouts. Consider these tips:

Don't wash your face with cleanser in the morning, just use water. Many people over-cleanse, which stimulates more oil production.
If your skin feels "tight" after cleansing, you're probably using a product that's too strong.
Give active ingredients time: leave the cleanser on your skin for 30-60 seconds before rinsing.
For oily skin: choose cleansers with salicylic acid.
For inflammatory acne: consider options with benzoyl peroxide.
For skin with rosacea: cleansers with sulfur are a good option.
Use clean facial towels every day. Having seven small towels (one for each day of the week) can make a big difference in facial hygiene.

Essential Serums (Salicylic Acid and Retinol)

Incorporate one of these two powerful ingredients into your nightly routine:

Salicylic acid: Prefer serum formulas over cleansers, as they remain in contact with the skin longer. Options with 2% are ideal for acne-prone skin.
Retinol: Excellent for preventing blackheads and whiteheads by avoiding dead cell buildup. Start with low concentrations (0.3%) and gradually increase.

In the morning, keep your routine simple with a gentle hydrating serum and sunscreen.

Hydration with Vitamin C

Look for a moisturizer containing vitamin C to combat hyperpigmentation. Gel formulas are ideal for acne-prone skin as they are lightweight and don't clog pores. This type of product serves a dual function: it hydrates and helps reduce dark spots caused by previous breakouts.

Always Use Sun Protection

Even if you have acne, you shouldn't skip sunscreen. Sun exposure can darken existing spots, worsening discoloration. Try different formulas until you find the one that works for you:

Lightweight mineral protectors
Tinted options to even out skin tone
Gel formulas for oily skin

Additional Habits for Healthy Skin

In addition to topical care, these habits will help keep your skin in optimal condition:

Change your pillowcase frequently (flip it each night and change it twice a week).
Reduce consumption of processed foods and sugars, which can influence inflammation.
Drink enough water to maintain adequate hydration.
Prioritize good rest. Lack of sleep significantly impacts skin quality, especially after age 30.
Manage stress, which can be an important trigger for breakouts.

Remember that acne is a treatable medical condition. If your skin problems are severe and leave textured scars, don't hesitate to consult a professional dermatologist. Early treatment can prevent long-term complications, both physical and psychological.

With these practical tips and a consistent routine, you can control acne and minimize its side effects to achieve more even and healthy skin.